Stres povezan s poslom u specijalista medicine rada u Hrvatskoj – pilot istraživanje
Huršidić Radulović A, Varošanec AM. Work-related stress in specialists in occupational health in Croatia: a preliminary study Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2020;71:375-380.
Cilj ovoga istraživanja bio je procijeniti psihosocijalne rizike na radnome mjestu u skupini 70 specijalista medicine rada koji su anketirani upitnikom, osmišljenim 2016. godine u Hrvatskom zavodu za zaštitu zdravlja i sigurnost na radu. Rezultat od prosječnih 119,7 bodova (±28,9; raspon: 38 – 175) od maksimalnih 275 bodova upućuje na srednju razinu stresa. U osamnaest ispitanika zabilježena je visoka razina stresa (>135 bodova). Najistaknutiji i jedini stresor koji je zabilježen u slučajevima visokoga stresa bio je pritisak na poslu, osobito administrativni poslovi te istovremeno obavljanje više poslova. Nakon što su ispitanici podijeljeni u tri skupine prema vrsti organizacije u kojoj su zaposleni, dobiveni rezultati pokazali su da specijalisti medicine rada zaposleni u javnim ustanovama imaju najvišu razinu stresa (u prosjeku 143 boda). Oni su navodili golem pritisak na poslu, preveliko radno opterećenje i lošu komunikaciju s poslodavcima, uz nedostatak potpore nadređenih. Specijalisti medicine rada zaposleni u medicinskim centrima i privatnim poliklinikama također su izloženi povećanom pritisku na poslu. Zaposlenici privatnih ustanova nisu istaknuli probleme u odnosu s nadređenima, a specijalisti zaposleni u medicinskim centrima navode premalo radno opterećenje i zapreke u napredovanju na poslu. Razlike u odnosu s nadređenima te neslaganja i konflikti na poslu odraz su različite organizacije rada, što je potvrđeno dodatnom analizom podataka po podskupinama. Rezultati ovoga pilot-istraživanja mogli bi koristiti specijalistima medicine rada koji su uključeni u obrazovne programe u ulogama ispitivača i edukatora. Ujedno, oni upućuju na potrebu za poboljšanjem upitnika i nastavkom istraživanja koja bi mogla dati bolji uvid o ulozi različitih stresora na učinkovitost i zadovoljstvo na poslu u specijalista medicine rada.
KLJUČNE RIJEČI: liječnici; psihosocijalni rizici; stres povezan s poslom; upitnik
Dostupno na slijedećoj POVEZNICI
The aim of this study was to assess psychosocial stress-related risks in 70 specialists in occupational health (SOHs) who answered the questionnaire designed in 2016 by the Croatian Institute of Public Health – Department of Occupational Health. The average score of 119.7 points (±28.9; range: 38–175) of maximum 275 points revealed medium level of stress. Eighteen respondents had a high level of stress (>135 points). The most prominent and the only stressor with high stress scores was pressure at work, paperwork and multitasking items in particular. After having grouped the SOHs into three groups by type of organisation in which they work, our results singled out SOHs working in public institutions as having the highest levels of stress (average of 143 points). They reported high pressure at work, work overload, and poor relationship with superiors (in terms of communication and support). SOHs working in healthcare centres and private outpatient clinics also reported higher pressure at work, but the latter had no problems with relationship with superiors, while healthcare centre SOHs complained of work underload and advancement constraints. Differences in relationship with superiors, disagreement/conflicts at work and advancement constraints reflect different organisation of work, which was confirmed by later analysis of subgroups. The findings of this pilot study could be of value for SOHs who are engaged in training programmes as examiners and educators, yet they call for further improvement of the questionnaire and for continued investigation that could give a better insight into the role of various stressors in work efficiency and satisfaction among SOHs.
KEY WORDS: psychosocial risks; physicians; questionnaire; work-related stress
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